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The outer limits of this 6400 km stretch of islands ('dari Sabang ke Merauke') is as far as California is from Bermuda or as far as Perth, Australia, is from Wellington, New Zealand. Indonesia has a total area of 5 million sq. km (about 1 million sq. km more than the total land area of the USA) of which more than 2 million sq. km are land. Its sea area is 4 times larger than its land area, and Indonesians are one of the few peoples in the world who include water within the boundaries of their territory, calling their country Tanah Air Kita or 'Our Land and Water'. Of the 10 largest islands in the world, 5 are in Indonesia; in addition there are about 30 small archipelagos. Of the 13,677 islands that make up its territory, only 992 are permanently settled and some 6000 are named. A country of incredible and diverse beauty, there are mind-stupifying extremes: from the 5000 meter snowcapped mountains of Irian Jaya to sweltering lowland swamps of eastern Sumatra, open eucalyptus savannahs of Timor, lush rainforests of West Java, with lava spewing volcanoes the whole length. Most Indonesians live and die within sight of a volcano. In the part of the western Pacific this archipelago sprawls through ('The Ring of Fire'), there are over 400 with 70-80 of them still active, registering 3 earthquakes per day. Each year there's an average of 10 major eruptions. This volcanic activity doesn't only destroy, but also brings gigantic benefit to aid growth and life. The ancient Hindu monuments constructed for over 750 years on Java were mostly built from cooled lava rock, ideal for carving. The whitish ash produced by an eruption, rich in chemicals, reaches a wide area of surrounding land. Rivers carry ash even further by way of irrigation canals to the crops. Thus Indonessia has some of the most fertile land on the planet. In places it's said you can shove a stick in the ground and it'll sprout leaves. A serious pursuit not to be missed in Indonesia is volcano climbing-Keli Mutu, Rinjini, Gunung Agung, Bromo, Merapi, Papandayan, Sibayak-each offering haunting desolate landscapes, cold invigorating hikes, and sometimes a hotsprings bath after. There are numerous remote and wildly pristine high mountain lakes made from volcanic cataclysms eons ago. |
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