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All of the world's great religions have come to these islands at one time or the other and the Indonesians have absorbed them all, in some cases making them even more complex, in other instances making them almost unrecognizable. Islam is the professed religion of 90% of the Indonesian population. Despite the fact that Protestant and Catholic missionaries have been going full at it for centuries, there are only 8 million Christians in various pockets throughout Indonesia. In Flores, which has had strong Portugese influence, the majority of the inhabitants are Catholics. In Minahasa, North Celebes, 90% are Christians; in Ambon, South Maluku, 50%; and in the Mentawai Islands off the west coast of Sumatra, 50% are Christian. The Chinese of Indonesia are either Christians, Taoists, Confucianists or Buddhists. The 21/2 million people of Bali are Hindu, or to be more precise, Bali-Hindu. There are huge areas where just animists live. Animism, the belief that everything that exists has a hidden power, cuts through everything most Indonesians do and think, no matter what their professed religion.

All over Indonesia people are strongly influenced by the spirits of rice, trees, rocks, rivers, the sun, the rain, and other natural phenomena. Mountains in many places are still considered seats of the gods, full of mysteries, the source of fertilizing water and soil, the border between the human world and the world of the dead. Mountains are dangerous, always to be appeased. In Indonesia the sea unites and the land divides; coastal Muslims have much more in common with each other than they have with their more animistic fellow believers inland. Many of Indonesia's highland, jungle, or swamp people have been cut off from the coastal peoples for centuries, retaining their own superstitions and singular methods of slash and burn cultivation or hunting and gathering (the Kubus of Sumatra and the Alfuro of Ceram). Other animist group such as the Badui and Tenggerese of Java and the Torajas of Celebes retired to the interiors long ago rather than adopt the newer Muslim faith which came to the archipelago progressively from the 13th Century onwards.

 



 

 



 

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