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ANCIENT
EAST JAVANESE ART |
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There
are many differences between the candis of Central Java and those
of East Java. In Central Javanese art, mastery is shown in the
handling and modifying of Hindu traditions and styles. But characteristic
Indonesian elements are much more dominant and obvious in East
Javanese ruins. The nationalistic East Javanese Majapahit Kingdom,
which lasted the lifetime of one man, Gadjah Mada, was the only
ancient indigenous empire which controlled nearly all of Indonesia
including Irian Jaya. When it arose in the 14th Century, there
was a sudden emergence and Javanization of styles, a return to
a flatter, less 3-dimensional, highly stylized method of carving
to the point where the figures resemble shadow puppets used in
wayang shows today.
Expressions are more subtle and human than anywhere else in ancient
Indonesian art. The figures' bodies, sculpted delicately with
scant clothing and wayang-puppet caps, are seen from the front
awhile the head and feet are turned sideways. Thus the name 'wayang-style',
which is used often to describe ancient East Javanese basreliefs.
Mahy times there re magical or supernatural settings. Central
Javanese basreliefs are hollowed out deeper, whereas in East Java
they are much shallower. The East Java architectural style was
likewise more slender. Temples have narrower bases, are less symmetrical,
and are comparatively smaller than the large complexes of Central
Java. East Javanese temple art was less religious, and syncretism
actually went so far as to show both Buddhist and Hindu symbols
on the same building.
At
candis Kedaton, Panataran, and Surawana, you can best see the
'wayang-style'; and on large-scale candis Jago, Singosari and
the smaller Kidal you can see best the active and unusual blending
of Buddhism and Hinduism. Humans and animal statues were also
modeled more freely and show more movement in East Java. The fierce
guardian images in the a/un2 west of Singosari are done in a typical
naturalistic East Javanese style, while the Central Javanese guardians
at Prambanan and at Kalasan are much more peaceful in appearance.
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