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Research visas (anthropology is easier to get than archaeology) usually run a year or 2, although at times given for only 3 months. All research visas must go through LIPI (Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahran Indonesia), a body in Jakarta that arbitrarily clears each one. Often LIPI makes more difficulties for you than they actually help you. You could hassel with them in Jakarta for weeks, the real run around. And even if LIPI authorizes your request for a research visa, BAKIN (the security arm of the government) could block it. An indefinite residency permit will run you about US$1000; cheap for such a startlingly exciting place to live, especially if you have a steady income. Inside Indonesia itself it's almost impossible to change over from a tourist visa to a resident visa through official channels. Some travel agents can fix up resident permits for you for a fee.